Composite deck boards are extremely versatile and can be used to construct beautiful garden steps as well as decks. Steps are often required in gardens or outdoors spaces where there’s a raised deck or in a sloping garden.
In this post we look to give you a quick lowdown into the options available, including the types of framework needed to build composite steps, and best practices that should be followed.
Can you use composite decking for garden steps?
Yes! Composite decking is the perfect alternative to timber for constructing steps. Its split, splinter, and slip resistant surface makes it safe and comfortable underfoot, whilst its composition means it’s durable, long lasting, and extremely easy to maintain. Overall, it’s an extremely safe, sustainable, and stylish option.
How to build composite decking steps
The installation of composite decking steps can be quite tricky and requires planning, precision and expertise. As such, it’s wise to seek advice from a professional decking installer.
Here’s an overview of the stages to construction and the things you need to consider when installing composite decking steps.
1. Measuring your step requirements
Firstly, you need to work out the height (also known as the ‘rise’), width, and depth (also known as the ‘going’ or ‘tread’) of your steps. These measurements will be specific to your project, but it’s worth remembering:
Part K of the Building Regulations (protection from falling, collision and impact) recommends:
- A height or rise of 150mm to 220mm
- A minimum tread of 220mm
Part M of the Building Regulations (accessibility) recommends:
- A minimum tread of 280mm
- An ideal height or rise of 150mm to 170mm
NHBC states that external steps that are not considered under building regulations should:
- Have a maximum rise of 220mm
- Have a minimum tread of 220mm
- Be uniform
In general, most garden steps are no higher than 200m or lower than 75mm; anything less than this can be a trip hazard. Often the tread is between 300 to 450mm deep.
The aim should be to make it easy for people when walking up and down the steps, so a lower riser height (e.g. 120mm) is usually accompanied by a deeper tread (450mm), and vice versa.
2. Choosing a framework for building your steps
There are two main types of framework used to construct the subframe for composite decking steps. These are stringers and box frames.
Stringer steps
A stringer is a support frame that runs diagonally from the top decking subframe, down to the base of the steps. It’s usually made from pressure-treated timber and can be bought pre-made or cut to size.
Stringers are positioned in parallel a certain distance apart from each other (maximum spacing, dependant on the load) to form the framework for the steps to be built around.
How to build composite steps with a stringer frame
- Once your measurements have been taken and are correct (as above), you can either buy stringers to fit the requirements, or make them yourself from timber using a carpentry square and saw to form and cut out the rise and tread of each one.
- At the top of the steps, fix the stringers with connectors and it’s advised to reinforce the area where the stringer meets the deck with a stair header.
- To safely fix the stringer framework at the base of the steps, anchor with a base plate, preferably a concrete footing. This in turn is attached to the landing pad (usually the ground, but this could also be to another deck).
- Make sure you use galvanised steel screws and bolts for all fixings.
Box steps
A box frame is a series of boxes, usually constructed from pressure treated timber boards and joists, but could also be made from metal or composite. A box is made for each step layer and then stacked and fixed on top of each other to form a run of steps.
This option often allows for more flexibility in the step design, as each step dimension and measurement can be checked before installing for maximum precision.
How to build composite steps with a box frame
- To create a box frame, first ensure your measurements are correct (as above)
- Next construct the box frameworks and infill with joists to strengthen the structure
- Finally, secure the boxes to the decking subframe at each intersection using the appropriate fixtures and fittings (as recommended by the manufacturer).
3. Fixing the composite decking boards
Once you have constructed the step frame, you can start installing the composite decking boards.
Ecodek deck boards can be used as both treads and risers to create a beautifully coordinated set of steps. Make sure you consider the gaps required between boards when working out your measurements!
Once cut, you can start fixing your deck boards directly on to your framework using the correct fittings (coloured screws or clips).
We recommend the ‘nosing’ or overhanging front lip of the step to be at least 16mm.
4. Adding a handrail
You will need to decide if you want to add a handrail or balustrade to your steps. If following Building Regulations Part M or K, they state that a handrail on one side is required on a flight of three or more steps. The rail should also be between 900 – 1000mm from the pitch line (top of each step). And if the steps are 1000mm or wider, a handrail is needed on both sides.
Best practices when building composite decking steps
Whilst we would always recommend employing the services of a professional to install your steps, if you choose to fit them yourself, there are a few things to remember.
- Always follow the composite decking manufacturer’s installation instructions. These will provide you with all the information you need, from what spacing is required, to which fixtures and fittings you need to use.
- Safety must always come first. Use the appropriate PPE to ensure you are protected from tools, dust and debris.
- Always measure twice and cut once! This will save you both time and money in the long run.
- Ensure your steps are level and consistent in terms of height and depth. You should also consider whether your steps need to adhere to building regulations for safety and accessibility.
How Ecodek can help with your composite decking needs
If you’re considering adding composite decking steps to your project, but are unsure where to start, call our team of friendly experts today on 01978 667 840. They can offer free advice, or put you in touch with a local authorised installer if you choose not to install yourself.